First Battle of Nanawa

The First Battle of Nanawa was a battle fought from January 20 to 26 in 1933 between the Bolivian and Paraguayan armies during the Chaco War. Nanawa (Enxet for "carob tree forest"), established by the Paraguayans in 1928, was considered the strongest Paraguayan outpost after it was heavily fortified by the end of 1932 under directives of Ivan Belaieff and Nicolas Ern, two White Russian veterans who joined the Paraguayan army in the 1920s. Zig-zag trenches, barbed wire and machine gun nests were built by the garrison around a horseshoe shaped defence. Nanawa's commander, Col. Luis Irrazábal summoned under his command four regiments and several minor units which made up the Paraguayan fifth division. The commander-in-chief of the Bolivian army, German World War I veteran Hans Kundt, directed the Bolivan assault personally in place. The Bolivian army launched three attacks that stalled after capture of some parts of the stronghold. After this failure, the Bolivian troops attempted to dig a trench around the Nanawa complex to isolate it but were met by Paraguayan reinforcements. Heavy rains forced the Bolivians to abandon what they had captured of the complex and the Paraguayans soon recovered these positions.

The Bolivian troops did not leave the area after the costly attempt but fortified themselves in a semicircle around the Paraguayan trenches. On July during the dry season the Bolivian army attempted again to capture Nanawa in the Second Battle of Nanawa. Toghether with the second battle of Nanawa, it was one of the bloodiest battles fought in South America in the 20th century, coming to be labeled as the "South American Verdun" by comparison with the Battle of Verdun of World War I.

Sources

• Latin America's Wars: The age of the professional soldier, 1900-2001. Robert L. Scheina. Page 97.